Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies--.This is an excellent resource page for the medieval researcher. There are many primary sources and some excellent secondary sources as well. http://orb.rhodes.edu/

Labyrinth This is another excellent overall Medieval Studies site http://www.georgetown.edu/labyrinth

Medieval and Byzantine Studies site http://www.fordham.edu/medweb/links.html#rel

ECOLE (Early Church On-Line Encyclopedia) --excellent, excellent site full of primary sources from church councils and other occasions of note, glossary of famous medieval mystics, saints, scholars and sinners, in-depth articles on various issues in the Middle Ages, mailing lists, much more http://cedar.evansville.edu/~ecoleweb/

Internet Medieval Sourcebook--This is the biggest Web site I've ever seen in my life! This excellent site contains countless links to every age of medieval history from the barbarian invasions to the Byzantine Empire to Jewish life in the Middle Ages to the rise of feudalism, the Crusades, intellectual life and more than I could ever finish writing about. A couple of the pages on this list are part of this site; I found them so you wouldn't have to! http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook1.html

Peter Abelard's (1079-1142) autobiography, "The Story of My Misfortunes". This is an autobiography of one of the greatest scholars of the Middle Ages. It was the first autobiographical work written since Augustine's "Confessions" in the fifth century. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/abelard-histcal.html

Gutenberg Digital --This page was originally issued as a CD-ROM by the Gottingen State and University Library for private study only. It contains the text of the Gottenberg Bible (printed in 1454), a biography of Johannes Gutenberg, a selection of well-known Bible verses compared to the original Greek and Hebrew texts, a description of the technology of Gutenberg's printing press, and much more. This is a must-see! It's like going to a museum! Unfortunately, this hyperlink doesn't work, but there's nothing wrong with this site. Just write in this URL on your address bar and you'll be just as amazed at this site as I am. http://www.gutenbergdigital.de/

Statutes for the University of Paris issued in 1215 by Robert de Courcon. Another primary source! http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/courcon1.html

Medieval Games and pastimes. Do you ever wonder how the nobility in the Middle Ages goofed off when they weren't fighting wars, supervising their serfs and other minions, dancing at balls, or feasting? This is a site dedicated to the descriptions of medieval popular games. These include falconry, chess, colf (the precursor of the modern sport of golf), and many more. http://historymedrin.about.com/msubgame.htm

The Goliards were poets who got their name from their patron saint, an alleged character named Golias who was lord of vagabonds. Their poems contained satirized the Church and exulted the joys and virtues of wine, women, and song. The famous Goliard poem "Confessions of Golias"; written by a German knight known only to history as the "Archpoet", which is on this site, is a mock confession. It was composed around 1160. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/sources/golias1.html

Glencove Castle, excellent site with many informative articles on various and sundry things medieval, including chivalry, medieval warfare, medieval law, medieval life and history, and that's just the tip of the iceberg--check it out! http://members.home.net/bolte/

Period manuscripts from the Bibliotheque Nationale de France, dating primarily from the reign of Charles V (1338-1380). These are pictures of kings, queens, courtiers, and there is even a link to some early fifteenth century maps made in Catalonia, in northern Spain. http://www.bnf.fr/manuscrits/amanuscrit.htm

(No, those are not typos--manuscrit is the French word for manuscript)

Medieval Calligraphy--Originally developed for a class at Harvard, this page contains a brief history of calligraphy, different scripts, the life of a medieval scribe, and more. http://lab.dce.harvard.edu/extension/humae105/fall97/twest/index.htm

The Life of King Edward the Confessor--This zoomable facsimile, now in the Cambridge University Library, is an excellent piece of thirteenth-century English illumination. It is the only copy of an illuminated Anglo-Norman verse life of Edward the Confessor, written around 1240 in Latin. There are a total of 37 folios and 64 pictures on this page. http://www..bb.cam.uk/MSS/Ee3.59/

Recent Studies of "The Romance of the Rose"--"The Romance of the Rose" ("Le Roman de la Rose") is an allegorical love poem written by two French poets. The first one died in 1237 after finishing the first 4,666 lines of the poem, and another one completed it in 1277. It was 22,000 lines long. This is a scholarly review of the poem. http://dept.english.upenn.edu/~lwarner/Essays/sacrifice.html

Sir Thomas Malory's "Morte d'Arthur"-- the story of King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table. This was one of the first books ever published in England on the printing press. Sir Thomas Malory (c.1405-1471) was one of the most improbable men to ever write romance; although knighted by the King, he was a common criminal; he seems to have committed murder, burglary, rape, extortion and heaven knows what else. He called the book "King Arthur and His Noble Knights of the Round Table". William Caxton, England's first user of the moveable-type printing press, published this version around 1487. For some reason Caxton used the name "Morte d'Arthur" (French, "Death of Arthur") rather than the original title and Caxton's title stuck. For this Internet version the spelling has been modernized. http://www.fortunecity.com/victorian/richmond/88/Malory-SirThomas.html

The Song of Roland-A complete reproduction of the first French classic literary work, believed to have been composed between the First and Second Crusades around 1130. The Crusade era mentality permeates the poem; it depicts the Christian Franks at battle with a treacherous infidel whose Moslem Kingdom Charlemagne tries to bring back into the Christian fold. Poetic license runs riot at the expense of historical accuracy; the story's backdrop, the Battle of Roncesvalles in 778, was a battle between the Franks and the Christian Basques from Pamplona who were none too pleased that Charlemagne had burned their city wall. What sets this work apart and makes it a classic is the fact that it is much more than a mere religious or political diatribe. It is a portrayal of two different interpretations of the concept of chivalry in the Middle Ages. Roland represents the martial, proud and courageous aspects of chivalry while his best friend Olivier represents chivalry in the form of wisdom and consideration of the well-being of others. An anonymous Norman French writer wrote the poem; the manuscript was found in an Oxford library in the nineteenth century. http://www.sunsite.berkeley.edu/OMACL/Roland

Gregory of Tours (539-594) was a scholar who wrote a book called "The History of the Franks". Like other writers of his era Gregory did not observe strict accuracy and the book is cluttered with an account of Creation. He eventually makes it to the fifth century of our era, when the collapse of Roman Gaul was followed by the takeover of the land by the Franks, who gave France its German name. "Frank" is from the old German word for "free"; they were renowned for their hatred of Roman rule and were never under it. This book chronicles the early reigns of the first Frankish dynasty, the Merovingians. www.celtic-twilight.com/gregory_of_tours/ (note: the last part of the URL is gregory_of_tours/ --darn these underlines on the hyperlinks!)

The Salic Law-This site is a text of an ancient Germanic legal code dating from circa 500 A.D. http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/medieval/salic.htm

A text of the Magna Carta translated into English http://www.vt.edu/vt98/academics/books/magna_carta/magna_carta

(note- the end of this URL is magna_carta/magna_carta)

Bayeux Tapestry--This page has 100 zoomable detailed images from this famous tapestry. http://rubens.anu.edu.au/htdocs/bytype/textiles.bayeux

Jeanne La Pucelle and the Dying God--This is an interesting on-line booklet linking Joan of Arc and folkloric motifs. http://www.godecookery.com/jeanne/jeanne.htm

Medieval Women--This is a site with information about noted medieval women writers, including Christine de Pizan (c. 1364--c. 1430), Europe's first lady professional writer, as well as a link to many reproductions of the Paston letters, written by members of a prominent English family between 1420 and 1504. http://www.millersv.edu/~english/homepage/duncan/medfem/medfem/html

This link from the "Medieval Women" site is a series of descriptions of women in various stations in medieval French society with advice on coping with their very different problems. These descriptions were all written by Christine de Pizan and portray divisions in late medieval society between social classes and age. These divisions were very rigid and very real; the role of a baroness, two town dwellers with husbands in different occupations, and interactions between young and old women are dealt with in these writings. http://www.millersv.edu/~english/homepage/duncan/medfem/pizanhp.html

Marie de France was a writer active in the latter half of the twelfth century. We know nothing about her; her nationality is a matter of controversy. Her poems are called "Lais" and there is controversy over the origin of this genre as well. This site contains her works with explanatory notes. http://web.clas.ufl.edu/english/exemplaria/prof.html

Yet another version of the works of Marie de France's along with other (different) views concerning Marie and her works are at this site: http://saturn.vcu.edu/~cmarecha/mdf.html

The Luminarium. This excellent site is an anthology of medieval, Renaissance, and seventeenth-century English literature. The medieval section includes texts and essays by and about writers like Sir Thomas Malory (c. 1405-1471) who wrote heavenly poetry about King Arthur and his Round Table while committing crimes like murder, robbery, extortion and rape; the famous story "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight", Chaucer, the morality play "Everyman", and more. The Renaissance section includes works by and about Sir Thomas More (1478-1535), humanist and martyr, Edmund Spencer's "Faerie Queen" about Queen Elizabeth I, and more. http://www,luminarium.org/medlit/plays.htm

The World of Eleanor of Aquitaine--This site is currently under construction, but it looks very promising. The plans for this site call for information on Eleanor, Duchess of Aquitaine, the people in her life (including Henry II, Richard the Lion-Hearted), the rise of heraldry, and the courts of love that gave rise to the ethics of chivalry and courtly love. Keep up with the development of this site, it's going to be great. www.malaspina.com/harp/eleanor/

Medieval Universities--This site describes the curriculum of the medieval universities of Paris, Bologna, Oxford, Cambridge and others. It has links that describe many aspects of medieval education. http://quarles.unbc.edu/ideas/gen/history/medieval.html

The University of Bologna: nine centuries of history--Although the exact date of the founding of the University of Bologna is unknown, Europe's oldest university celebrated its 900th anniversary in 1988. This site discusses this university's role in the birth of the legal profession, the variety of students who studied at the university in the Middle Ages, and much more. http://www.unibo.it/avl/english/story/story.htm

Atlantia A&S page--If it's anything in the arts and sciences you're looking for, it's here. http://moas.atlantia.sca.org/

Mistress Ellisif Flakkari, OL, OP, from Aethelmearc maintains this excellent site. It contains much information on period music and dance, Viking topics, and loads of other cool stuff. Check it out! http://www.pobox.com/~cellio/ellisif.html

This site contains instructions on building period furniture, including a bed! http://www.teleport.com/~tguptill/toc.htm

Medieval pavilion resources--Do you need a period-style tent or pavilion? This site contains information on the Known World Architecture Guild, over 100 tent/ pavilion links, answers to fabric questions, and much more. http://www.teleport.com/~tguptill/tent.html

Les Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry--This site contains the classic example of a medieval book of hours. This famous book of hours dates from the early fifteenth century. There is a description of a medieval book of hours, some information about the painters, the Limbourg brothers, and their techniques. There are also descriptive explanations of each illumination reproduced, as well as some information about the owner of the book, Duc Jean de Berry. http://humanities.uchicago.edu/images/heures/heures.html

St. Francis of Assisi's "Sermon to the Birds"-- St. Francis of Assisi (c. 1182-1226) was one of the most popular saints of the Middle Ages. Many stories were told about him, many of them reflecting his love of nature. These included a charming story that he once preached a sermon to his feathered friends. The story and the text of the alleged sermon are on this site. http://historyplace.com/speeches/saintfran.htm

Praise of Folly--Erasmus of Rotterdam (c. 1466-1536), one of the greatest of the Renaissance humanists, claimed that he'd written this book in seven days in 1509. It is a humorous, biting satire on European society in the early sixteenth century. This particular translation dates from 1688. http://www.ccel.org/e/erasmus/folly/folly.html

Celtic Heart--Excellent site containing information on Celtic folklore, arts, history, calendars, culture; includes the "Encyclopedia of the Celts" a large, in-depth source of knowledge for all things Celtic. http://www.celt.net/Celtic/menu.html

Ancient Slavic Gods--An essay about pre-Christian Slavic deities and their relationship to the lives of the early Slavic people.

http://vladivostok.com/rus_mag/eng/N_4/SLAVEN.HTM

(note: the last part of the URL is rus_mag/eng/N_4/SLAVEN.HTM)

Novgorod Chronicle: Selected Annals. A time line of the life of the people of medieval Novgorod, dated from 1016-1445. From the Medieval and Byzantine Studies site listed above. I found it so you wouldn't have to! http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/novgorod1.html

The earliest Ruskaia Pravda ("Russian Justice"), the first Russian legal code, was issued between 1036 and 1054 by Prince Yaroslav the Wise of Kiev. It's online here. http://www.dur.ac.uk/~dml0www/russprav.html

Womens' Clothing in Kievan Rus.--This is a detailed description of women--s clothing in Russia from the Kievan Rus period (800-1233) through the fifteenth century. It describes the clothing of peasants, town dwellers and princesses. It includes descriptions of hats, footwear and jewelry. http://www.strangelove.net/~kieser/Russia/KWC.html

The Renaissance Tailor--This site includes an overview of sixteenth and seventeenth century clothing, sources, pattern development, tailoring techniques, and a glossary of tailoring vocabulary. http://www.vertetsable.com/

Completorium--This early Polish music site includes MIDI files, MP3's, lists of composers, essays and sources. Among the songs included are the earliest known song written in Polish, "Bogurodzica" ("Mother of God"), probably dating from the thirteenth century. At one point it was a war song of Polish knights. http://zeus.polsl.gliwice.pl/~jarczyk//early/

Cynscribe--This excellent calligraphy site contains information on Arabic, Celtic, Chinese, Hebrew, and Japanese calligraphy sites. It also has information on bookbinding, papermaking, pens, heraldry and much more. http://www.cynscribe.com/#arabic

The history of the Cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris. This excellent site contains pictures, manuscripts, and even parts of the songs sung in the church. It's both a visual and audial treat. http://www.learn.columbia/notre-dame/Exterior

Three churches on the way to Compostella--Compostella, in northwestern Spain, was one of the most popular pilgrimage destinations in the Middle Ages. Along the way pilgrims could stop in many churches. Three Romanesque churches were the best known of these churches. Romanesque architecture is characterized by rounded arches and squat, massive pillars. It got its name from its similarity with ancient Roman architecture and was used for building between 1050 and 1200. This site includes pictures of the exteriors and interiors of these churches with their many statues and other forms of ornamentation. http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Parthenon/8063/conques.html

Basilique de St.-Denis, built in Paris in the twelfth century. Pictures and descriptions of this historic church. The architecture in this church contained some elements of what would become known as Gothic architecture--pointed arches, tall, slender pillars, and much bigger windows than the Romanesque style churches to let in more light. This was the form of architecture used for churches between 1200 and 1550.

http://web.kyoto-inet.or.jp/org/onion/eng/hst.gothic/sandeni.html

Leaning Tower of Pisa Official Page. This tower was begun in 1173, and was under construction, with many interruptions, for some two centuries. The tower was meant to be a vertical structure, but during a break in construction between 1272 and 1278 it was discovered that the tower had an inclination. This fascinating site includes detailed pictures of various parts of the Tower, the history of the Tower and some information on its unique inclination. http://torre.duomo.pisa.it/

Celtic timeline, excepted from John King's book "The Celtic Druid's Year";. This timeline starts with 900 B.C. and ends at 1300 A.D. http://www.monmouth.com/~equinoxbook/celthist.html

Slavic Interest Group--the site of an information network for Central and Eastern European arts and sciences. Nationalities represented include Russia, Poland, peoples of the former Czechoslovakia, Romania, Hungary, Croatia, Lithuania, Latvia, Georgia, and Estonia. http://slavic.freeservers.com

An excellent in-depth study page of the early period Czechs and the Moravians maintained by a Prague-based member of the Slavic Interest Group. http://www.geocities.com/alastairmillar

Celtic Studies: (again, many links) http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Aegean/6619/Culture.html

William Wallace: The Truth--This site is from the BBC Education Web Guide. It contains the story of Scotland's martyred nationalist hero. http://www.highlanderweb.co.uk/wallace

What the heck was the Holy Grail? This site seeks to answer this question. It contains commentary on the works of two great poets who wrote about the Grail in the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries, Chretien de Troyes (c. 1150--c. 1190) and Wolfram von Eschenbach (c. 1170-c.1220) It includes a passage from Wolfram's work; the passage is called "Stone from the Stars" http://home.fireplug.net/~rshand/streams/gnosis/grail.html

More on the Holy Grail--more commentary on the topic of the Holy Grail in the writings of Chretien de Troyes and Wolfran von Eschenbach http://www.usao/edu/~facshhaferi/GRAIL.HTML

Gwenllian's Poetry Primer--This site is a primer of Welsh poetry and poetic forms based on classifications by fourteenth-century Welsh poets. http://www.sbnews.com/~klb/primer.html#intro

Medieval Irish poetry--This site includes medieval Irish poems with translations into English and descriptions of medieval Irish poetic forms. It's still under construction, so this excellent site will only get better. http://www.dnaco.net/~mobrien/irishptr/

Russian Costume: Basic Overview: the Quick and Dirty Way. This site covers three periods of Russian garb history: the Kievan Rus (very early settlements- 1240), the Mongolian Occupation (1240--1400) and the Muscovite (1400--post-period). http://www.huscarl.com/costume/text/russiandoc.htm

Viking Network Web--This site is bilingual, in Icelandic and English. It contains links on daily life, a description of a Viking raid, Viking trading activities, and a map of all of the lands where Vikings settled. http://viking.no/e/ehome.htm

Norse mythology page--This contains a list of Norse gods and goddesses, the Norse creation story, the nine worlds of the Norse cosmos, a description of the Norse doomsday, and an essay on the Eddas.

http://www.ugcs.caltech.edu~cherryne/mythology

History of the Norse Kings (Heimskringla) written by Snorri Sturluson (c. 1179-1241). This text was translated into English in 1844. http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/OMACL/Heimskringla/index.html

Food and Feud in Saga Iceland--This is an essay on the Icelandic Family Sagas (Islendingasogur) containing stories about the early Norse settlements in Iceland. There are about 40 of these stories written in prose. http://chomsky.arts.adelaide.edu.au/CentreFoodDrink/Articles/FoodandFeud/html

This page contains many sagas and Eddas in both Old Norse and Modern English. http://www.squirrel/asatru/free_on.html

(note: the end of the URL is free_on.html)

Regia Anglorium was a Latin term used by writers of early period England when referring to their native land. It means "Kingdoms of the English" and is the name of a modern re-enactment society. Regia Anglorium members value authenticity above anything else and reconstruct an early period England straight from the lives of the Angles, Saxons, Jutes, Vikings, and other peoples who coalesced into the English nation. Visit a fictional pre-Conquest English manor, Drengham, on this site; you might also want to check out a fictional estate, Wichamstow, both brilliant visual displays of life in a well-defined time and place. An early period persona's virtual paradise. http://www.regia.org

On a Collection of Ordinances of Chivalry. This is a collection of manuscripts dating from the fifteenth century and printed around 1900. It contains illuminations and various interesting texts on such diverse topics as rules of jousts, English coronation traditions, an assize of bread and ale, and much more. http://www.chronique.com/Library/MedHistory/Archeologia-chivalry.htm

Text of a primary souce on English Country Dance, "The English Dancing Master". Written by one John Playford and published in 1651. http://www.gate.net/~shipbrk/playford

Basics of Byzantine Dress, circa 1000 A.D. http://www.gryph.com/byzantine/dress.htm

Clothing of the ancient Celts--this site contains information about Scottish garb 1100-1600, Irish garb from the fifth through the tenth centuries, types of sheep in medieval Scotland used for wool construction, an explanation of what you might want to call "The Great Kilt Urban Legend", patterns, and other resources. http://www47.pair.com/lindo/Textile.htm

Textiles Through Time-contains many links to articles and information on period fabrics. http://www.interlog.com/~gwhite/tt/ttintro.html

Textile Resources for the Re-enactor--This site contains information on medieval spindles, tablet weaving, weaving on other types of looms, dyes, and embroidery. This site is still under construction and will contain much more in the near future. http://www.cs.vassar.edu/~capriest/textileres.html

Knitting period stockings--This site contains detailed and complete directions on how to knit period stockings. This pattern is commonly called the Gunnister stocking pattern. This site's documentation dates from 1627 but there is adequate evidence that the pattern is older. http://www.dnaco.net/~aleed/corsets/stockpat.html

Recreation of a Period Sock. An SCA knitter's account of her construction of a period sock. Her documentation is from a sock found in northern Egypt dating from between the eleventh and fourteenth centuries. This site includes complete instructions as well as a picture of the completed project. http://witch.drak.net/lilna/EgyptKnit2.htm

Footwear of the Middle Ages--A page devoted to the description and methods of construction of medieval footwear. There is an emphasis on Britain and Scandinavia here, although there have been recent updates from Ireland and Germany. This is an on-line booklet written by Diarmuit Ui Dhuin, mka Marc Calson, for the use of SCA members wishing to construct period footwear.

http://www.personal.utulsa.edu/~marc-carlson/shoe/SHOEHOME.HTM

Nalebinding Basics--Concise, detailed directions for this ancient Viking method of textile construction. Heck, they still haven't standardized the spelling for the name of this technique! http://technetdesign.hypermart.net/naalbinding.html

Stefan's Florilegium Archives --tons of documentation and/or info on just about everything, from feastcratting to stained glass to Celtic, Viking, Slavic, Middle Eastern cultures. If it's related to the SCA at all it's here. http://www.florilegium/or

Tribe Zarafeet home page (Middle Eastern resources) http://members.tripod.co

Baghdad: Center of Medieval Middle Eastern Civilization. This site is home of a translation from a ninth century C.E. geographical dictionary of an article about one of the greatest cities of the medieval Middle East. http://www.nadn.navy.mil/Users/history/tucker/hh362/reading7.htm

This site on Middle Eastern culture contains an informative and interesting essay on a philosophical group with centers around the Islamic world. They lived in communities and had an organizational structure similar to that of the Freemasons. They helped maintain the legacy of ancient Greek classics which the Islamic world in turn transmitted to the Europeans. http://ismaili.net/~heritage/mirrors/106_other_islam/rel-elo2.htm

Note: the end of this URL is: 106_other_islam/rel-elo2.htm

Art of Arabic Calligraphy?This site contains four articles on the history of alphabets in the Middle East and the development of Arabic calligraphy. http://sakkal.com/ArtArabicCalligraphy.html

Caravanserais--Caravanserais were inns in medieval Anatolia (modern Turkey). This site, owned by a native of Turkey, describes these inns. This includes the services they provided to travelers, the various types of architecture employed in their construction, as well as an essay on natural roads in Anatolia. http://www.ataman.hotel.com/caravanserai/caravanserais2.html

Islamic and Christian Spain in the Early Middle Ages--This on-line book deals with life in early medieval Spain. The topics of the book include society and the economy, agriculture, settlements, urbanization and commerce, social structure, ethnic relations, and much more. http://libro.uca.edu/icu/emspain/htm

Asim's Middle Eastern Dance Link Site--This site has links to both mundane and SCA Middle Eastern dance and music sites. http://www.mindspring.com/~whil

Timeline of the Steppe Peoples--The steppes are a very large area of flat grassland extending east from the Vienna area to China. Over the course of many millennia many nomads roamed the steppes. Many of these came from the east and eventually settled in Europe. This timeline starts with the prehistoric period and chronicles the development of language families, tribes and tribe confederations (Huns, Avars, Bulgars, Khazars, ad infinitum) and even the genesis of political disputes between the various tribes, and ends at 997 A.D. Warning: the proliferation of tribal/confederation names on this site may prove quite taxing on the memory. http://www2.4dcomm.com/millenia/1000ad.htm

Chronology of the Crusades. This is a cursory dateline of the Crusades for the beginning researcher. The site contains useful links and references for more in-depth research. http://www.wcslc.edu/pers_pages/m-markow/ssclechr.htm

"The Crusades: Horrible But True" Very dramatic, intense multimedia page depicting the ruthlessness of the Albigensian Crusades. A visit to the site includes a rendition of Carl Orff's early twentieth-century starkly dramatic recomposition of "Carmina Burana", originally a collection of medieval musical compositions, as well as intensely graphic visual scenes. http://www.mastermason.com/roger2you/mason2.html

Pope Urban II's call for the First Crusade, Council of Clermont, 1095. This site contains the text of the pope's speech calling for a holy war against the Moslems of the Middle East. A chronicler known to history as Fulcher of Chartres transcribed this particular manuscript. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/urban2-fulcher.htm

Sack of Constantinople, 1204. A passionate, first-hand account of the infamous sacking of Constantinople which took place during the Fourth Crusade. A Greek writer, Nicetas Choniates, wrote the account. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/choniates.html

Excellent site for Medieval Scottish studies http://www.MedievalScotland.org

The Costume Page, a list of costuming resources from every era and continent known on the planet

http://users.aol.com/nebula5/costume.html#toc

Medieval Embroidery Web Page---This is a page that has excellent pictures of various types of medieval embroidery work. The page includes a picture from an early period source, another from the Bayeaux Tapestry, couch stitch, cross-stitch, and blackwork. http://home.flash.net/~wymarc/index.ht

Frankish costuming--This page is maintained by a member of a living history society called Angelcynn. They strive to be as authentic as possible. This lady was born in Germany and lives in England so she decided to wear Frankish garb. http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Forum/694

Shirin al Hasana's Web page--This page is maintained by an SCA member with a Middle Eastern persona. She has various links to Middle Eastern Dance and Music as well as links to Celtic and Norse information pages. These included spinning, embroidery, and other textile arts. http://www.hasanadesigns.com/shirin/index.htm

Page about troubadours and trouveres, period minstrels and songwriters, in French http://www.cssh.qc.ca/projets/carnetsma/Troubadours.html

More troubadour/trouvere links http://globegate.utm.edu/french/globegate_mirror/occit.html

(note: the last part of that URL is globegate_mirror/occit.html)

A college paper on troubadours, a succinct overview http://spectrum.troyst.edu/~jinright/tcontents.htm

A general overview of the musician in period http://ubmail.ubalt.edu/~pfitz/play/ref/troubdrs.ht

An excellent page on the Cantigas de Santa Maria, music from northern Spain, a cultural "bridge" between southern France and al-Andalus, Islamic Spain

http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/

Complete lyrical works of Bernart de Ventadorn, twelfth century troubadour (in the Provencal language used by troubadours in southern France) http://www.netrevolution.com/~daughter/troubadours/bernart_de_ventadorn

(The last part of this URL is bernart_de_ventadorn)

Early Occitan Literature--yet another excellent troubadour site. The first troubadours practiced their art in southern France, a region also known as Occitania. This site contains lyrics, in the original Occitan language, by the best-know troubadours, including the first one, Duke Guilhelm d'Aquitania, to use the Occitan version of his name. We know him as Duke William of Aquitaine (1071--1127), the grandfather of Eleanor of Aquitaine

http://globegate.utm.edu/french/globegate_mirror/occit.htm

(note: the last part of that URL is globegate_mirror/occit.html)

Les Capetiens-Les Croisades (The Capetians-the Crusades). An excellent page (in French) which contains sixty color slides. These include maps and manuscripts showing period architecture, furniture, clothing, and even the Inquisition at work.

http://philae.sas.upenn.edu/French/caroly.html

Boccaccio page---This site contains the complete text of the Decameron, written during the Black Death, (1348) in which seven ladies and three men who've gotten the heck out of town to escape the deadly epidemic tell 100 stories, ten each. http://www.brown.edu/Departments/Italian_Studies/dweb/dweb.shtml

Works of Jean Froissart (c. 1333-c.1400) historian of English and French royalty, aristocracies, wars, politics http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/froissart1.html

An analysis of Froissart's account of the Tournament at St. Inglivent, near Calais, France http://www.unipissing.ca/department/history/froissart/analysis.htm

King Rene's Tournament Book--This site contains a Modern English translation of a book written circa 1460 by Rene, King of Jerusalem and Sicily on how to hold a tournament. This site also includes the medieval French text and a facing page translation. http://www.princeton.edu/ezb/rene/renehome.html

Historical maps of Europe, 01 A.D. to 1600 (in French) http://homer.span.ch/~spaw1241/atlasfr.htm

A troubadour page with links to articles on period juggling, music and poetry

http://moas.atlantia.sca.org/topics/bard.htm

Medieval Courtly Love--this page includes quotes from "Courtly Love" by Andreas Capellanus http://www.astro.umd.edu/~marshall/chivalry.htm

Dante Alighieri (1265-1321), who was heavily influenced by the troubadours of southern France and northern Italy, was the author of a poem commonly considered to be the greatest of medieval poems, the "Divine Comedy", which describes his visits to Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise. This is an on-line version. http://www.fortunecity.com/victorian/richmond/88/dante.ht

Historical maps of Ireland; starting with the Ice Ages through the mythological kings of the ancient Irish Cycle stories. The history gets more precise and accurate at the 500 A.D. map. This site also includes information on old Irish family names and clans as well as a historical timeline for each century. An excellent resource for name research as well as a source of early Irish legends about the origins of their people. http://www.fortunecity.com/bally/kilkenny/2/iremaps.ht

Rome Reborn: Renaissance humanists. The word "humanist" is used for Renaissance scholars because they were primarily interested in the study of human beings as individuals. Medieval scholars had approached the subject of humanity in a much more collective and abstract context. The humanists attempted to use the classics of the past, the great literature of Rome and Greece, in the hopes of making the world a better place to live. This site contains concise information about the leading humanists of the Renaissance. http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/vatican/humanism.html

The Renaissance: Symmetry, Shape, Size. This page illustrates the relationship of innovations in Renaissance art and mathematics. It also contains links to various articles that discuss various and sundry issues of the Renaissance http://www.learner.org/exhibits/renaissance/symmetry.htm

Armor Archive-excellent armoring site, includes patterns for armor-making and other useful information for the SCA fighter http://www.armourarchive.co

Butted Mail: A Mailmaker's Guide, Fourth Edition. This site contained detailed directions for every piece of chain mail you'll ever need. It's written by two SCA armorers from the U.K, Lord Paul de Gorey and Robert Fitz John. http://www.weylea.demon.co.uk/farisles/armour/mailmake/mail.htm

Dylan's Fencing Page--This site contains several period texts on rapier fighting. It also contains links to other SCA fencing sites. http://www.iceweasal.org/fencing.htm

Rapier 101: Introductory Class to Rapier Fighting in the SCA. This site covers fencing history, equipment, and various styles of rapier and fencing combat. http://members.aol.com/tbyrned883/armonye/rapier101.html

Meridian Rapier page http://user.icx.net/~roz/Rapier

Medieval/ Renaissance Food Homepage--excellent site containing everything you'll ever need to know about food, cooking and feastcratting in the SCA http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/food.html

Daz Buch von Guoter Spise--This site is a translation of a manuscript that was part of a household manual, which was organized by a proto-notary of the Archbishop of Wurzburg. This manuscript was put together between 1345 and 1354 and contains 101 recipes. The text is in German; there is an English translation by Alia Atlas. Not all of the recipes have been redacted.
http://cs-people.bu.edu/akatlas/Buch/buch.html

A Feast for the Eyes: A Medieval and Renaissance Food and Feast Image Collectio

This site contains 180 images of royalty and nobility feasting, cooks, kitchens, cooking pans, servers, workers on lunch break, and much more. All images are completely period. http://www.godecookery.com/afeast/afeast.htm

Coffee and Coffeehouses in the Medieval Middle East--This booklet contains a history of coffee. It starts with its obscure origins in Yemen and follows the growth of its popularity in the Moslem world, along with accounts of disputes amongst Moslems as to the morality of its consumption. http://www.hoboes.com/htmll/Politics/Prohibition/Notes/Coffee.html

Cariadoc's Miscellany--A collection of articles on period cooking, feastcratting, gemstones, Norse riddles, period pavilions, and a gazillion other things I can't remember but must be fascinating http://www.pbm.com/~cariadoc/miscellany.htm

Official Documents of the SCA (includes Corpora) http://www.sca.org/docs/welcome.html

Medieval Science pages?includes sections of alchemy, medicine, physics, falconry and other animal-related topics, and many more sciences http://www.members.aol.com/mcnelis/medsci_index.html

note: the last part of this URL is medsci_index.html

Roger Bacon (1214-1292) was a scientist who was the precursor to modern experimental science, a sharp departure from the "authority-quotation" proof method (use of an authority like Galen or Ptolemy to prove a proposition) which hindered science in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Here is his Tract of the Tincture and Oil of Antimony", which contains his philosophy (this got him in trouble with the Church), as well as treatments for leprosy, stroke, epilepsy, and gout. http://www.levity.com/alchemy/bacon2html

The Book of Quintessence--This is another primary source on alchemy, written around 1450. This text was translated into modern English in 1866. Although this is not a "complete" guide to medieval alchemy, it is an interesting primary source of some of the philosophy and practices of medieval alchemy. This was, incidentally, the first use of the word "quintessence" which is Latin for "fifth element". This was a reference to the purity of the perfect substance sought by the alchemists and its superiority over the four ordinary elements, fire, air, water, and earth http:////tigerden.com~lilith/library/BJMalony/quintran.html

Book of Margery Kempe in Middle English. Margery Kempe (c.1373-c.1440) was a colorful, controversial and eccentric English mystic. This book was the first autobiography in the English language and is an excellent primary source for social and religious customs of late period England. The book is very graphic and contains descriptions of such diverse items as clothing and modes of travel. http://www.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/teams/kempe4htm

Modern writings on Margery Kempe http://anamchara.com/mystics/kempe.htm

Chirurgeon's Point-Links, forms, articles and other items for the SCA chirurgeon http://www.chirurgeon.org/

Middle Kingdom Waterbearers Homepage, mostly geared toward waterbearing at Pennsic but containing excellent advice for every waterbearer http://www.midrealm.org/waterbearer

Castle Page--This is a collection of information about period-style castles in the U.S. There are over 100 castles referenced on this site. The site includes a state-by-state index. http://www.dupontcastle.com/castles

The Meridian Knights Marshal's Handbook, 1998 Edition http://www.bham.net/sca/Marshal_Handbook/MKMH98.html

(note: the last part of the URL is Marshal_Handbook/MKMH98.html)

The Perfect Armor. Instructions by Duke Sir Cariadoc of the Bow from his Miscellany on making hardened leather armor using beeswax for the hardening of the leather. His Grace changed his mind about the periodicity of the use of beeswax for this purpose and now uses water to harden his leather. There are instructions on how to use water to harden the leather and construct the armor out of this. http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cariadoc/perfect_armor.html

(note: the last part of the URL is perfect_armor.html)

Making Children Smile--This is a site for children in the SCA. It contains tips for childrens' activities, a list of "activities for the month", childrens' games, teen-related sites, schools, and more. http://members.xoom.com/LdyGenRose/smile.htm

Medieval and Renaissance Lathes--A lathe is an ancient tool that was used by the Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, and other ancient peoples. These artisans were called turners or throwers in English, but it was also used by pulleymakers, wheelwrights, chairmakers and other artisans. http://www.his.com/~tom/sca/lathes.html

Medieval woodcuts clipart collection--This site is a collection of medieval clipart from various period sources, mostly woodcuts from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. http://www.godecookery.com/clipart/clart.htm

ENGLISC listserv page. This is the page for a listserv for the study of Old English. The site also contains links to Old English texts, projects, a glossary, and more. http://www.rochester.edu/englisc

The BSC Latin Place Names List--This is a list of Latin place names, their vernacular names, and their locations. Many of these towns were Roman towns which survived the Germanic invaders, were prominent towns in the Middle Ages, and are still around. If you've ever wondered what the Romans and medieval officials (whose documents were all in Latin) called Lyons, Valencia or Milan, here's your answer. http://www.lib.byu.edu/~catalog/people/rlm.latin/names.htm

Normans in Wales, 1070-1171 This online book discusses the land, people, economy, and the social and political structure of Wales on the eve of the Norman Conquest of England. It goes on to discuss the impact of the Norman Conquest on Wales. http://www.ukans.edu/~ibetext/texts/nelson

This page became a monster. It used to be Graphics only, but it has everything you can imagine now. It will be a great place to start looking for anything you may need.

IF YOU CANNOT FIND IT HERE, TRY Links2 Go-- This is a massive search by topic facility.

IF YOU CANNOT FIND IT HERE, TRY Links2 Go--
This is a massive search by topic facility.